A reverse-osmosis filter produces water with very low dissolved salts. It is often used as a base for creating precise values for sensitive shrimp and fish.

Pure RO water should normally be remineralised to suitable GH, KH and TDS before use with animals. Match minerals to the species and verify with tests.

Intervals depend on source-water quality and production volume. Follow the manufacturer’s schedule and monitor product-water TDS for declining performance.

The membrane separates salts and contaminants into a concentrated waste stream. This is normal and the correct flow ratio is needed for membrane operation.